პტოლემე: გინორთი გინოჯინეფს შქას

დინორექ დილასჷ დინორექ ქეგიაძონუ
Njilo (სხუნუა | ნახანდი)
ვა რე რედაქტირაფაშ რეზიუმე
იარლიყეფი: რედაქტირაფა მობილურით რედაქტირაფა ვებ-ხასჷლაშ მობილური ვერსიათ
Njilo (სხუნუა | ნახანდი)
ვა რე რედაქტირაფაშ რეზიუმე
იარლიყეფი: რედაქტირაფა მობილურით რედაქტირაფა ვებ-ხასჷლაშ მობილური ვერსიათ
ღოზი 23:
 
'''პტოლემე''' ([[კოინე]] Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαῖος, [[ლათინური ნინა|ლათ.]] Claudius Ptolemaeus, დ. დოხოლაფირო [[100]], [[ეგვიპტე (რომიშ პროვინცია)|ეგვიპტე]], [[რომიშ იმპერია]] ღ. დოხოლაფირო [[170]], [[ალექსანდრია]], ეგვიპტე, რომიშ იმპერია) — [[მათემატიკა|მათემატიკოსი]], [[ასტრონომია|ასტრონომი]], [[ასტროლოგია|ასტროლოგი]] დო [[გეოგრაფია|გეოგრაფი]]. პტოლემე რე ავტორი შხვადოშხვა მენცარული ტრაქტატეფიშ. არძაშე უმოსო ჩინებული ნახანდი რე [[ალმაგესტი]], ნამუთ ეთმოჭარუნს [[პლანეტა|პლანეტეფს]], [[მურიცხი|მურიცხეფს]] დო [[გეოცენტრიზმი]]ს. მაჟირა ნახანდი რე [[გეოგრაფია (პტოლემე)|გეოგრაფია]], სოდეთ მოჩამილი რე რუკეფი დო პტოლემეშ პერიოდიშ რჩქინა გეოგრაფიაშ დარგის. მასუმა ნახანდი ასტროლოგიური რე დო თიშ ოფიციალური ჯოხოდვალა რე [[ტეტრაბიბლოსი]].
 
==External links==
{{Commons|Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαῖος|Ptolemy}}
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* [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Ptolemy/Tetrabiblos/home.html Ptolemy's Tetrabiblos at LacusCurtius] (Transcription of the [[Loeb Classical Library]]'s English translation)
* [http://www.sacred-texts.com/astro/ptb/index.htm Entire ''Tetrabiblos'' of J.M. Ashmand's 1822 translation.]
* [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Periods/Roman/_Texts/Ptolemy/home.html Ptolemy's Geography at LacusCurtius] (English translation, incomplete)
* [http://dsr.nii.ac.jp/toyobunko/III-2-F-b-2/V-1/page/0162.html.ja Extracts of Ptolemy on the country of the Seres (China)] (English translation)
* [http://www.wilbourhall.org/index.html#ptolemy ''Almagest'' books 1–13] The complete text of Heiberg's edition (PDF) Greek.
* [https://archive.org/details/pt1claudiiptolemaei01ptoluoft ''Almagest'' books 1–6] {{in lang|el}} with preface {{in lang|la}} at [[Internet Archive|archive.org]]
* [http://roderic.uv.es/uv_ms_0693 ''Geography''], digitized codex made in Italy between 1460 and 1477, translated to Latin by Jacobus Angelus at [http://roderic.uv.es/handle/10550/43 Somni]. Also known as ''codex valentinus'', it is the oldest manuscript of the codices with maps of Ptolemy with the donis projections.
* [http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.rbc/general.23472.1 Hieronymi Cardani ... In Cl. Ptolemaei ... IIII De astrorum judiciis] From the Rare Book and Special Collection Division at the [[Library of Congress]]
* [http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.rbc/General.17936 Almagestū Cl. Ptolemei] From the Rare Book and Special Collection Division at the [[Library of Congress]]
* Franz Boll (1894), "[http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0006/bsb00065773/images/ Studien über Claudius Ptolemaeus. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der griechischen Philosophie und Astrologie]" In: ''Neue Jahrbücher für Philologie und Pädagogik'', Supplementband 21,2. Teubner, Leipzig, pp. 49–244.
* {{cite web|url=http://obs.nineplanets.org/psc/theman.html|publisher=obs.nineplanets.org|title=Ptolemy, the Man|first=Bill|last=Arnett|access-date=24 November 2008|date=2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050529010926/http://obs.nineplanets.org/psc/theman.html|archive-date=29 May 2005|url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web|title=Cartographic Images of the World on the Eve of the Discoveries|first=Gerald|last=Danzer|author-link=Gerald Danzer|publisher=The Newberry Library|date=1988|url=http://www.newberry.org/smith/slidesets/ss08.html|access-date=26 November 2008}}
* {{cite web|url=http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~fhasele/ptolemaeus/index.html|title=Κλαυδιου Πτολεμιου: Γεωγραφικῆς Ύφηγήσεως (Geographie)|first=Frank|last=Haselein|date=2007|access-date=24 November 2008|publisher=Frank Haselein|language=de, en|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080918003658/http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~fhasele/ptolemaeus/index.html|archive-date=18 September 2008}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.skyscript.co.uk/ptolemy.html|publisher=Skyscript.co|title=The Life & Work of Ptolemy|first=Deborah|last=Houlding|access-date=24 November 2008|date=2003}}
* {{Wikicite | id= Jones-2010 | reference= Jones, Alexander (ed.) 2010. ''Ptolemy in Perspective: Use and Criticism of his Work from Antiquity to the Nineteenth Century''. New York: Series: Archimedes, Vol. 23., {{isbn|978-90-481-2787-0}}}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia
| first = Gerald J.
| last = Toomer
| title = Ptolemy (Claudius Ptolemæus)
| author-link = Gerald J. Toomer
| url = http://www.u.arizona.edu/~aversa/scholastic/Dictionary%20of%20Scientific%20Biography/Ptolemy%20(Toomer).pdf
| publisher = Scribner & American Council of Learned Societies
| isbn = 978-0-684-10114-9
| editor-last = Gillispie
| editor-first = Charles
| encyclopedia = [[Dictionary of Scientific Biography]]
| volume=11
| pages=186–206
| location = New York
| date = 1970
}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.csiss.org/classics/content/76 |title=Claudius Ptolemaeus (Ptolemy): Representation, Understanding, and Mathematical Labeling of the Spherical Earth |first=Ben |last=Sprague |publisher=Center for Spatially Integrated Social Science |date=2001–2007 |access-date=26 November 2008}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081205163915/http://jove.geol.niu.edu/faculty/stoddard/JAVA/ptolemy.html Java simulation of the Ptolemaic System] – at Paul Stoddard's Animated Virtual Planetarium, Northern Illinois University
* {{YouTube|Plxed3JVOnI|Animation of Ptolemy's Two Solar Hypotheses}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080516005122/http://www.phy.syr.edu/courses/java/demos/kennett/Epicycle/Epicycle.html Epicycle and Deferent Demo] – at Rosemary Kennett's website at the [[Syracuse University]]
* [https://people.sc.fsu.edu/~dduke/ptolemy.html Flash animation of Ptolemy's universe.] (best in Internet Explorer)
* [http://hos.ou.edu/galleries//02LateAncient/Ptolemy/ Online Galleries, History of Science Collections, University of Oklahoma Libraries]. High resolution images of works by Ptolemy in .jpg and .tiff format.
* [https://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.gr.1291 Codex Vaticanus graecus 1291 (Vat.gr.1291) in Vatican Digital Library] - Complete reproduction of the 9th century manuscript of Ptolemy's ''Handy Tables''.
 
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